Kutheni ukuveliswa kwamandla e-photovoltaic kulungile, kodwa izinga lokungena liphantsi?

Njengohlobo lwamandla aluhlaza kunye nokuhlaziywa, ukuveliswa kwamandla e-photovoltaic kuye kwahlawulwa ngakumbi nangakumbi kwaye kusetyenziswe. Akunakunciphisa kuphela ukukhutshwa kwegesi ye-greenhouse kunye nokukhuthaza ukuguqulwa kwamandla, kodwa kunenzuzo ebalulekileyo yezoqoqosho, ngakumbi kwinkqubo yokusetyenziswa kwexesha elide. Nangona kunjalo, nangona iingenelo ezicacileyo zokuvelisa amandla e-photovoltaic, izinga lokungena lisephantsi. Yintoni unobangela wale meko iphikisanayo?

Izinto eziluncedo zokuvelisa amandla e-photovoltaic: ukusuka ekukhuselweni kwendalo ukuya kuqoqosho
Okokuqala, kufuneka siqonde iingenelo zokuvelisa amandla e-photovoltaic. Ukusuka kwindawo yokujonga indalo, ukuveliswa kwamandla e-photovoltaic yindlela yokukhutshwa kwamandla. Xa kuthelekiswa nokuveliswa kwamandla emveli ashushu, iiseli ze-photovoltaic azikhuphi iigesi ze-greenhouse ezifana ne-carbon dioxide ngexesha lenkqubo yokuvelisa amandla, kwaye azinayo impembelelo embi kwindalo. Ngokuqiniswa kokutshintsha kwemozulu yehlabathi, ukunciphisa ukukhutshwa kwekhabhoni kunye nokufezekisa ukungathathi hlangothi kwekhabhoni kuye kwaba yinjongo ebalulekileyo yokuguqulwa kwamandla ehlabathi. Kwaye ukuveliswa kwamandla e-photovoltaic ngundoqo kule njongo.

Ukususela kumbono wezoqoqosho, iindleko zokuvelisa amandla e-photovoltaic ziye zehla kakhulu kwiminyaka embalwa edlulileyo. Ngokophando lwamashishini, iiprojekthi zokuvelisa amandla e-photovoltaic e-ultra-enkulu ziye zakwazi ukufikelela kumaxabiso ombane angaphantsi kweesenti ze-11, kunye nokuqhubela phambili kweteknoloji, iindleko ziyaqhubeka ziwa. Kwixesha elizayo, emva kokuqhubela phambili kunye nokuphucula iteknoloji yokugcina amandla, ukuveliswa kwamandla e-photovoltaic akuyi kuba neenzuzo zokusingqongileyo kuphela, kodwa kukwazi ukoyisa ukuveliswa kwamandla okufudumala kwendabuko kwiindleko.

Ukongezelela, ukuveliswa kwamandla e-photovoltaic nako kuneempawu "zokusasazwa", oku kuthetha ukuba inokusetyenziswa ngokubanzi kumakhaya, iindawo zokuthenga, iifektri kunye nezinye iindawo. Le ndlela yokuvelisa amandla ayifuni umzi-mveliso wamandla ophakathi, kwaye izikhululo zamandla ze-photovoltaic zinokusekwa phezu kophahla lwentsapho nganye, umhlaba ovulekileyo kunye nezinye iindawo, zichithachitha kakhulu umngcipheko kunye neendleko zokunikezelwa kwamandla.

Izinto eziluncedo kwiinkqubo ze-photovoltaic zasekhaya
Kubasebenzisi basekhaya, iinkqubo ze-photovoltaic zasekhaya ngokungathandabuzekiyo enye yezona ndlela ezikhangayo. Inkqubo ye-photovoltaic yasekhaya inokuthatha ithuba lendawo yophahla lwendlu kwaye iguqule ukukhanya kwelanga kube ngumbane wokusetyenziswa ekhaya ngeepaneli zelanga. Ngokuxhomekeke kwiimfuno zombane zekhaya lomsebenzisi, inkqubo inokulungiswa ngokuguquguqukayo ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuba iimfuno zombane zekhaya zibonelelwa ngokupheleleyo ngamandla elanga emini, kwaye zixhomekeke kwigridi ebusuku okanye ngeentsuku ezinamafu.

Inzuzo enkulu yeenkqubo ze-photovoltaic zasekhaya kukukwazi ukufezekisa ukugcinwa kombane. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, umbane owenziwe yintsapho ungasetyenziswa ngokuthe ngqo, ukunciphisa iindleko zokuthenga umbane kwinkampani yamandla; Ngakolunye uhlangothi, igridi yamandla kwimimandla emininzi inika amandla okuthenga nokuthengisa amandla, xa umbane owenziwe yindlu udlula imfuno, umbane ogqithisileyo unokuthengiswa kwakhona kwigridi, ukunciphisa ngakumbi i-bill yombane wendlu.

Ukongezelela, iinkqubo ze-photovoltaic zasekhaya nazo zinobomi obude benkonzo kunye neendleko zokugcinwa okuphantsi. Ubomi benkonzo yeepaneli ezininzi ze-photovoltaic zinokufikelela kwiminyaka engama-25 okanye ngaphezulu, kwaye iindleko zokugcinwa ziphantsi, kufuneka kuphela ukucoca rhoqo ipaneli kwaye ukhangele imeko yokusebenza kwenkqubo. Oku kuvumela abasebenzisi basekhaya ukuba bazuze kwimbuyekezo yezoqoqosho yokuvelisa amandla e-photovoltaic amashumi eminyaka.

Izizathu zezinga eliphantsi lokungena kwe-photovoltaic power generation
Nangona iingenelo ezininzi zokuvelisa amandla e-photovoltaic, izinga lokungena liye lahla kakhulu kwizinto ezilindelweyo. Ezona zizathu ziphambili zinokushwankathelwa ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:

1. Utyalo-mali lokuqala oluphezulu
Nangona ixabiso lokuvelisa amandla e-photovoltaic liye lehla kakhulu, ixabiso lokuqala lofakelo lisephezulu kumakhaya amaninzi. Ngokukodwa kwiindawo ezingenayo inkxaso-mali karhulumente, iindleko zokufakelwa kweenkqubo ze-photovoltaic zendlu zingafuna amashumi amawaka e-yuan. Oku akuyondleko encinane kwiintsapho eziqhelekileyo, ngokukodwa kwimeko yoxinzelelo olukhulu lwezoqoqosho, iintsapho ezininzi zisenokutyekela ngakumbi ekukhetheni amaxabiso aphantsi, ukufikelela ngokukhawuleza kumandla aqhelekileyo.

2. Ingxaki yokugcina amandla ayisonjululwa
Enye yeentsilelo zendalo zokuvelisa amandla e-photovoltaic kukuphazamiseka kwayo kunye nokungazinzi. Xa kukho ilanga emini, iipaneli ze-photovoltaic ziyakwazi ukuvelisa umbane ngokupheleleyo, kodwa ebusuku okanye ngeentsuku ezinamafu, ukuveliswa kwamandla kuyancipha kakhulu. Oku kuthetha ukuba ukuveliswa kwamandla e-photovoltaic kufuneka kuxhomekeke kwizixhobo zokugcina amandla ukwenza i-gap kunikezelo lwamandla. Nangona kunjalo, ixabiso langoku leebhetri zokugcina amandla lisephezulu, kwaye iteknoloji ayikavuthwa. Nangona iteknoloji yebhetri iphuculwe ngokuthe ngcembe, iindleko zokugcina amandla ziseyinye yezinto ezibalulekileyo ezichaphazela ukuthandwa kwe-photovoltaic.

Ngokutsho kweengqikelelo zezinye iingcali zoshishino, xa ixabiso leebhetri zokugcina amandla lihla lingaphantsi kwe-1 dime kwi-KWH yombane, ukuveliswa kwamandla e-photovoltaic kuya kukwazi ukubuyisela ngokupheleleyo ukuveliswa kwamandla okushisa. Kodwa kude kube ngoko, ixabiso eliphezulu leebhetri zokugcina amandla liya kuqhubeka nokukhawulela ukuthandwa kwe-photovoltaic power generation kubasebenzisi basekhaya.

3. Imigaqo-nkqubo nenkxaso-mali engonelanga
Ukuthandwa kokuveliswa kwamandla e-photovoltaic akuxhomekeke kuphela ekuphuhliseni iteknoloji, kodwa kufuna inkxaso yomgaqo-nkqubo. Kumazwe amaninzi, oorhulumente baye baqalisa ukubonelela ngenkxaso-mali kunye nenkuthazo yerhafu ukukhuthaza abasebenzisi basekhaya ukuba bafake iinkqubo ze-photovoltaic. Nangona kunjalo, imigaqo-nkqubo yenkxaso-mali ihlala inqunyulwa, kwaye ngokuncitshiswa kancinci kancinci okanye ukucinywa kwenkxaso-mali, umtsalane wezoqoqosho wokuvelisa amandla e-photovoltaic uyancitshiswa ngokuhambelanayo. Ngaphandle kweenkuthazo zomgaqo-nkqubo ezaneleyo, amakhaya amaninzi angenako ngokwaneleyo ukutyalomali kwiinkqubo ze-photovoltaic.

4. Imiba yokuqonda kunye nokwamkelwa
Ukuveliswa kwamandla e-Photovoltaic kusebuchwephesha obungaqhelekanga kwiindawo ezininzi. Abasebenzisi abaninzi basekhaya basenokuqonda okungaphezulu kobu buchwepheshe, beswele ukuqonda okunzulu kwiinzuzo zabo zexesha elide kwezoqoqosho kunye nokusingqongileyo. Ukongezelela, abaninzi abantu badidekile malunga nokufakela kunye nokugcinwa kwenkqubo ye-photovoltaic, bexhalabile ukuba inkqubo yokufakela iyinkathazo, inkqubo ayizinzile, kwaye bade bakhathazeke ukuba isakhiwo sabo sendlu asikwazi ukumelana nobunzima beepaneli ze-photovoltaic. Zonke ezi zichaphazele ukuthandwa kokuveliswa kwamandla e-photovoltaic kwimarike yasekhaya.

Isisombululo: Ukuphumelela iteknoloji yokugcina amandla ukunciphisa iindleko
Isihluthulelo sokusombulula ezi ngxaki zingasentla sisekutsha kwezobuchwepheshe, ngakumbi kwintsimi yogcino lwamandla ombane. Ngenkqubela phambili eqhubekayo yobuchwepheshe bebhetri, ixabiso leebhetri zokugcina amandla liyehla ngokuthe ngcembe. Kwixesha elizayo, kunye nemveliso enkulu kunye nokuvuthwa kobuchwepheshe, iibhetri zokugcina amandla zilindeleke ukuba zifezekise ukunciphisa okukhulu kweendleko. Emva kokuba iindleko zokugcinwa kwamandla zincitshiswe kuluhlu olufanelekileyo, uqoqosho lwabasebenzisi bezindlu ukufaka iinkqubo ze-photovoltaic ziya kuphuculwa kakhulu, kwaye ukuthandwa kokuveliswa kwamandla e-photovoltaic kuya kuzisa ukuphumelela.

Ukongeza, urhulumente kufuneka aqinise ngakumbi inkxaso yakhe yokuvelisa amandla e-photovoltaic, kwaye anciphise uxinzelelo lokuqala lotyalo-mali lwabasebenzisi bezindlu ngokuzisa imigaqo-nkqubo yenkxaso-mali encomekayo. Ngokukodwa kwiindawo ezisezidolophini nakwiindawo ezikude, urhulumente unokubonelela ngenkxaso-mali eninzi kunye nemali-mboleko ekhethiweyo ukukhuthaza amakhaya amaninzi ukuba afake iinkqubo ze-photovoltaic kunye nokukhuthaza ukuguqulwa kwesakhiwo samandla.