Ngaba iNdawo yoGcino lwePV eSasaziweyo iDibene kwiGridi?

Okwangoku, kwihlabathi lamandla lanamhlanje, iinkqubo zokugcina amandla ze-photovoltaic ezisasazwayo zithatha indawo ephambili. Kodwa, uninzi lwabo luyazibuza ukuba ngaba ukugcinwa kwamandla e-PV asasaziweyo kufuneka kuqhagamshelwe kwigridi. Ewe, masijonge ngakumbi kulo mbuzo, kwaye siqonde iindlela ezahlukeneyo zenkqubo yamandla e-PV esasazwayo kunye neendawo zoyilo zombane ezinxulumeneyo.

Ukuqala, inkqubo yokuvelisa amandla e-PV esasaziweyo inokungabikho kwigridi.
Iinkqubo zokuvelisa amandla e-photovoltaic ezisasazwayo azidityaniswanga kwigridi; zinokuba zingekho kwigridi. Iinkqubo zokuvelisa amandla e-photovoltaic ngaphandle kwegridi zisetyenziswa ikakhulu kwiindawo apho kungenakwenzeka okanye kunzima ukudibanisa kwigridi yamandla, okanye apho igridi yamandla ingazinzanga. Ezi nkqubo ngokubanzi ziquka iiphaneli zelanga, iibhetri, izilawuli, kunye nee-inverters. Iipaneli zelanga ziguqula amandla elanga abe ngumbane, ibhetri ihlawuliswa ngesilawuli, kwaye xa umbane ufuneka, umbane kwibhetri uguqulwa ube yi-AC ngokusebenzisa i-inverter ukuze isetyenziswe ngumthwalo.
Inzuzo yenkqubo ye-off-grid kukuzimela kwayo kunye nokuthembeka. Kwezinye iindawo ezikude, ezifana nemimandla yeentaba kunye neziqithi, iinkqubo zokuvelisa umbane we-PV ngaphandle kwegrid zinokubonelela abahlali basekuhlaleni ngokuzinza kombane ngaphandle kokuchaphazeleka kukungaphumeleli kwegridi. Ngaphandle koko, kwezinye iimeko ezikhethekileyo, ezifana nokusebenza ebaleni, ukuhlangulwa ngokungxamisekileyo, njl.njl., inkqubo ye-off-grid nayo ingasetyenziswa.
Iinkqubo ezingaphandle kwegridi zinenani lezinto ezingeloncedo, nazo. Okokuqala, iindleko zeenkqubo ezinjalo ziphezulu kakhulu kuba umntu ufuna ukuxhobisa iibhetri zokugcina. Okwesibini, iibhetri zinobomi obulinganiselweyo benkonzo kwaye kufuneka zitshintshwe ngamaxesha athile, okwandisa iindleko zokugcinwa. Ukongeza, umthamo weenkqubo ze-off-grid uhlala umncinci kwaye awukwazi ukuhlangabezana nemfuno yombane omkhulu.
Ngokwahlukileyo, inkqubo ye-PV ehanjiswe ngegridi idibanisa umbane owenziwe kwiipaneli zelanga ukuya kwigridi emva kokuguqula i-AC nge-inverter. Ngethuba le nkqubo, xa ukuveliswa kwamandla elanga kukhulu kunokusetyenziswa kombane, umbane ogqithisiweyo ungahanjiswa kwigridi, ngelixa xa umbane welanga owenziweyo unganelanga kubasebenzisi, banokuwufumana kwigridi.
Inzuzo yenkqubo edibeneyo yegridi kukuba inokusebenzisa ngokupheleleyo ukuzinza kunye nokuthembeka kwegridi, kwaye ngelo xesha, nayo inokuthengisa amandla angaphezulu kwigridi yokubuyisela uqoqosho oluthile. Ngaphandle koko, inkqubo eqhagamshelwe kwigridi ilula kwaye ayibizi mali ininzi ukuyifakela nokugcinwa kuyo.
Nangona kunjalo, inkqubo eqhagamshelwe kwigridi nayo ineengxaki ezithile: umzekelo, kufuneka ihlangabezane neemfuno zokufikelela kwigridi ngokwemigaqo yombane, amaza, amandla ombane, kunye nabanye. Ukongezelela koku, isizukulwana sawo siya kuchatshazelwa ziimeko zemozulu, njengemvula okanye ikhephu, yaye kukho ukungazinzi okuthile kwisizukulwana saso. Okwesibini, kufuneka kubandakanye ntoni ukuyila kombane?
Ingaba i-off-grid okanye i-grid-ixhunyiwe i-photovoltaic power generation system, ukuyila kwayo umbane kufuneka kuthathelwe ingqalelo le miba ilandelayo: ukhetho kunye nokuhlelwa kwepaneli yelanga. Iphaneli yelanga licandelo eliphambili lenkqubo yokuvelisa amandla e-photovoltaic, kwaye ukhetho lwayo kunye noyilo luchaphazela ngokuthe ngqo ukuveliswa kwamandla kunye nokusebenza kwenkqubo. Xa ukhetha i-solar panel, izinto ezifana namandla, ukusebenza kakuhle, ukuthembeka, kunye nobude bobomi kufuneka ziqwalaselwe. Okwangoku, ngokujonga imeko yokukhanya kwendawo yokufakela, indawo yophahla, i-orientation, kunye nezinye izinto, kukwafuneka ukuba kwenziwe ulungelelwaniso olufanelekileyo ukunyusa ukusetyenziswa kwamandla elanga.
Kwinkqubo ye-off-grid, kukho kwakhona imfuneko yokuqwalasela iimeko ezihambelanayo phakathi kweepaneli zelanga kunye neebhetri ukuhlawula ngokupheleleyo iibhetri phantsi kweemeko ezahlukeneyo zokukhanya.
Ukukhetha ibhetri kunye nokubalwa komthamo
Ibhetri yinxalenye eyimfuneko kwinkqubo yokuvelisa amandla e-PV engaphandle kwegridi, umsebenzi wayo kukugcina umbane oveliswa yipaneli yelanga ukuze usetyenziswe ebusuku okanye ngeentsuku ezinamafu nemvula. Ekukhetheni uhlobo, kuyimfuneko ukuqwalasela izinto ezifana nohlobo, umthamo, ubomi, ukutshaja kunye nokukhupha ukusebenza kwebhetri.
Kwiinkqubo eziqhagamshelwe kwigridi, nangona ukuxhotyiswa kweebhetri zogcino akuyomfuneko, kodwa kwezinye iimeko, njengokusilela kwegridi, nako kunokucinga ngokuxhobisa umthamo othile wogcino lweebhetri njengomthombo wamandla ogcinayo. Emva koko umthamo webhetri kufuneka ubalwe ngesakhono sawo sokwanelisa iimfuno zabasebenzisi ngexesha likaxakeka. Umlawuli kunye nokukhethwa kwe-inverter
Umlawuli ungomnye wamacandelo abaluleke kakhulu kwinkqubo yokuvelisa amandla e-photovoltaic esasazwayo; ilawula ukukhutshwa kwepaneli yelanga ukukhusela ibhetri ekutshajisweni okanye ukukhupha kakhulu. Xa ukhetha umlawuli, umsebenzi womlawuli, ukusebenza, ukuthembeka, kunye nezinye izinto kufuneka ziqwalaselwe.
I-inverter sisixhobo esiguqula amandla e-DC aveliswa ziipaneli zelanga zibe ngamandla e-AC, kwaye ukhetho lwayo kufuneka luthathele ingqalelo izinto ezinje ngamandla e-inverter, ukusebenza kakuhle, ukuvela kwamaza, kunye nokuthembeka. Kwiinkqubo ze-off-grid, kuyafuneka ukuba uqwalasele ukuba i-voltage ephumayo kunye ne-frequency ye-inverter ihambelana nomthwalo.

Iintambo zombane kunye nezixhobo zokukhusela
Iintambo zombane yinxalenye eyimfuneko yenkqubo yokuvelisa amandla e-PV esasaziweyo, kwaye uyilo lwayo kufuneka luthathele ingqalelo imiba efana nokhuseleko, ukuthembeka, kunye nobuhle benkqubo. Kwi-wiring, ingqalelo kufuneka ihlawulwe ekubambeleleni kwiikhowudi zombane ezifanelekileyo kunye nemigangatho ukwenzela ukuba iimfuno kwiindawo ezinqamlekileyo zeengcingo, ukusebenza kwe-insulation, phakathi kwabanye, zanelisekile.
Isixhobo sokukhusela sisiqinisekiso sokhuseleko esibalulekileyo kwinkqubo yokuvelisa amandla e-PV. Xa inkqubo isilela, iya kucima unikezelo lwamandla ngexesha ukuthintela ukwanda kwengozi. Izixhobo ezikhuselayo zibandakanya abaphuli beesekethe, iifuse, izikhuseli zokuvuza, njl., ekufuneka ziqwalaselwe ngokufanelekileyo ngokuhambelana nomthamo kunye neemfuno zenkqubo ngexesha lokukhetha kunye nokufakwa. Uyilo lwenkqubo yokubeka iliso
Inkqubo yokubeka iliso yinxalenye ebalulekileyo yenkqubo yokuvelisa amandla e-PV esasazwayo, enokubeka iliso kwimeko yokusebenza kwenkqubo ngexesha langempela, kubandakanywa ukuveliswa kwamandla eepaneli zelanga, amandla ebhetri, amandla aphumayo e-inverter, njalo njalo. Ngenkqubo yokubeka iliso, abasebenzisi banokuqonda ukusebenza kwenkqubo ngexesha elifanelekileyo, bafumane iingxaki, kwaye bajongane nazo ngexesha elifanelekileyo.
Kufuneka ithathele ingqalelo isikali kunye neemfuno zenkqubo, ikhethe izixhobo ezifanelekileyo zokubeka iliso kunye nesoftware, kwaye yenze ufakelo olufanelekileyo kunye nokugunyazisa. Okwesithathu, isishwankathelo Ukuhanjiswa kwamandla okugcinwa kwe-PV akunyanzelekanga ukuba kuqhagamshelwe kwigridi, kodwa nako kungaphuma kwigridi. Iinkqubo ze-off-grid zisebenza kwezo ndawo ezingenako ukuxhunywa kwigridi okanye apho igridi ingazinzile, kunye neenzuzo zokuzimela kunye nokuthembeka, kodwa ixabiso liphezulu. Isixokelelwano esiqhagamshelwe kuthungelwano lwegridi sinokusebenzisa konke ukuzinza kunye nokuthembeka okuvela kwigridi ngelixa ithengisa amandla aseleyo kwigridi ngenzuzo ethile kwezoqoqosho.

Ngexesha lokuphunyezwa koyilo lombane kwinkqubo yokuvelisa amandla e-photovoltaic esasazwayo, oku kulandelayo kuya kuqwalaselwa: ukukhethwa kunye nokubekwa-ngaphandle kwepaneli yelanga, ukukhethwa kunye nokubalwa kwamandla ebhetri, ukukhethwa komlawuli kunye ne-inverter, i-wiring yombane kunye nokukhusela isixhobo soyilo, ukuyila inkqubo yokubeka iliso, phakathi kwezinye iinkalo. Luyilo lombane olunengqiqo kuphela olukwaziyo ukuqinisekisa ukuba iinkqubo zokuvelisa amandla e-PV ezisasazwayo zisebenza ngokukhuselekileyo, ngokuthembekileyo, nangempumelelo ephezulu.
Kanye kunye nokuqhubela phambili kwezobuchwepheshe kunye nokunciphisa iindleko, kwixesha elizayo, iindima ezibalulekileyo ziya kudlalwa ngokusasazwa kweenkqubo zokugcina amandla e-photovoltaic. Iinkqubo zokuvelisa amandla e-photovoltaic asasazwayo ziya kusinika i-grid okanye i-off-grid kunye nomthombo wamandla ococekileyo nothembekileyo.