Umlilo weNkundla yaseHong Kong iHung Fuk usebenza njengebali lesilumkiso: Ukhuseleko lomlilo kufuneka luqinisekiswe njani kwiifotovoltaic ezidityanisiweyo kwizakhiwo?

Umlilo weHong Kong Hung Fuk Court ubangele ukuba iingxaki zokhuseleko ezijikeleze i-building-integrated photovoltaics (BIPV) zibe yinxalenye yoshishino. Ezi nkqubo zisengozini enkulu kwi-"chimney effect", zijongene nemingcipheko ephezulu apho imililo yendawo inokwanda ngokukhawuleza inyuke ngezithuba ezivulekileyo - nto leyo ebangela iingozi ezinkulu kunokufakelwa kophahla. Oku kuchaza isizathu sokuba uninzi lwamazwe kwihlabathi liphela lugcina imigangatho yokhuseleko lomlilo engqongqo kakhulu kwiinkqubo ze-PV ezikwi-façade xa zikhuthaza i-Building-Integrated Photovoltaics (BIPV).

I. Kutheni iinkqubo ze-PV ezingaphambili zithandwa kakhulu kukusasazwa komlilo? Ingcaciso evela kwizifundo zetyala zaseSwitzerland

ISwitzerland, imakethi ye-BIPV ephucukileyo kwihlabathi liphela enokusetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwe-PV yefacade, yayingenazo imigangatho efanayo. Ngenxa yoko, i-Swiss Energy Agency yayalela iSwissolar ukuba iphuhlise iMigaqo yeXeshana yoKhuseleko loMlilo lweeNkqubo zePhotovoltaic zeFacade eziVuthelanisiweyo, ichaza imida yokhuseleko kwezo zinto zifakelwayo.

Esi sikhokelo sijongana ikakhulu 'neenkqubo ze-photovoltaic ezifakelwe umoya' - izakhiwo apho i-cladding yokuhombisa ijikeleze iimodyuli ze-photovoltaic, kunye nomngxuma womoya owahlula kwisakhiwo sesakhiwo. Sihlalutya iingozi ezinokubakho kwiimeko ezine zomlilo eziqhelekileyo, kuquka:

Ukutshisa ziintlantsi ezivela kwizakhiwo ezikufutshane

Imililo evela kwiziseko zezakhiwo okanye kwiibalconi

Amalangatye angaphakathi aphuma ngeefestile aze atshise i-facade

Ukusilela kombane okanye ukwaphuka kwecandelo kwinkqubo ye-photovoltaic ngokwayo

Eyona ngozi ibonakalayo kwezi meko kukusasazwa komlilo ngokukhawuleza. Ingakumbi xa ubunzulu bomngxuma bunganele, izinto azinawo amandla okuthintela ilangatye ngokwaneleyo, okanye indlela yokuhambisa intambo ingathobeli imithetho, amalangatye anokugquma yonke i-façade kwimizuzu embalwa.

Inkqubo yokwahlulahlula yaseSwitzerland igxininisa ngakumbi:

Izakhiwo ezingaphantsi kweemitha ezili-11: Umngcipheko ophantsi kakhulu, ovumela iimfuno ezilula;

Izakhiwo ezingaphezu kweemitha ezingama-30: Kufuneka kusetyenziswe izinto ezithintela umlilo ezikumgangatho ophezulu kunye nezakhiwo ezixhasayo ezingatshiyo, kwaye kufuneka uvavanyo lokutsha;

Zonke izakhiwo: Iinkcukacha ezingqongqo zokuhambisa intambo, iintlobo zeglasi zemodyuli, kunye novavanyo oluthintela ilangabi olungasemva.

Le migangatho ineenkcukacha ezingaphezulu kuneKhowudi Jikelele yoKhuseleko loMlilo yeZakhiwo yaseTshayina yangoku kwaye inika isalathiso sokulungiswa kweenkqubo ze-PV zefaçade eTshayina kwixesha elizayo.

II. Kutheni umlilo waseHong Kong ubangele ingxolo engaka kweli shishini?

Izakhiwo zokuhlala eziphakamileyo zaseHong Kong zixinene kakhulu kwaye azinasithuba sikhulu phakathi kwezakhiwo, uxinzelelo lomoya oluphezulu, kunye nezakhiwo ezintsonkothileyo zebalcony kunye nefaçade. Ukuba umlilo usasazeka ngokufakelwa kwePV eludongeni lwangaphandle, iziphumo:

Ubunzima bokufuduka

Isantya sokusasazeka

Imililo yesibini echaphazela izakhiwo ezikufutshane

zingadlula kakhulu ezo zikwizakhiwo zesiqhelo. Oku kuchaza ngokusisiseko ukugxila okuqhubekayo kweli shishini 'kukhuseleko lwangaphandle lwe-PV eludongeni' kwiminyaka yakutshanje.

Nangona umlilo weHong Kong Hung Fuk Court wawunganxulumananga neenkqubo ze-PV, esi siganeko someleze ulwazi loluntu: naluphi na ukufakelwa okufakelwe ebusweni, ukuba akukho migangatho yokhuseleko ingqongqo, lunokusebenza njengento ekhawulezisa umlilo.

Ngenxa yoko, kungakhathaliseki ukuba amazinga okwamkelwa kwe-PV kwixesha elizayo aya kuba njani, imigangatho yokhuseleko lomlilo ngokuqinisekileyo iya kuba ngqongqo ngakumbi.

III. Zifanele zisetyenziswe njani iinkqubo ze-PV ezingaphambili? Izixhobo kunye neentambo akufuneki zijongwe

Ngokusekelwe kulwazi oluqokelelweyo, eli shishini okwangoku libeka phambili ezi zinto zilandelayo kwi-façade PV:

1.  Uvavanyo oluphuculweyo oluthintela ilangatye kwiimodyuli kunye nezixhobo zokwakha

– Iimodyuli zeglasi ezimbini kufuneka zisebenzise iglasi eqinisiweyo

– Iifilimu zeLaminate mazifikelele kwi-RF2 (elingana ne-B1 yaseTshayina)

– Amaphepha angasemva kufuneka afikelele kwi-RF3(cr)

– Kwizakhiwo ezixhasayo ezidlula ubude be-11m, zonke izinto kufuneka zingatshi (RF1/Class A)

2. Uyilo lobunzulu bomngxuma oluqiqileyo ukunciphisa ukwanda kwempembelelo yetshimini

Indawo yokhuseleko engama-40–100mm iyanciphisa kakhulu isantya sokusasazwa komlilo ngokuthe nkqo.

3. Ukuhanjiswa kweentambo ngendlela eqhelekileyo kubaluleke kakhulu

Iibhanti zekhebula ezithe tye mazingabi ngaphezu kwemicu emi-6

Iibhanti zekhebula ezithe nkqo mazingabi ngaphezu kwemicu emithathu

Ukungena eludongeni kufuna imikhono elinganiswe nge-RF1

Zonke iintambo kufuneka zifikelele kumlinganiselo we-RF3(cr) wokurhoxiswa komlilo.

4. Ukuhlolwa rhoqo kubalulekile:

Isakhiwo esiphakamileyo: rhoqo emva kweminyaka emi-2

Ukunyuka okuphakathi: rhoqo emva kweminyaka emi-3

Ukunyuka okuphantsi: rhoqo emva kweminyaka emi-5

Nokuba kusekelwe kumava aseSwitzerland okanye kwimithetho yangoku yaseTshayina, umgaqo oyintloko weenkqubo ze-PV zefaçade ungashwankathelwa ngolu hlobo:

Ukhuseleko lomlilo kufuneka lube yeyona nto iphambili kuyilo nolwakhiwo lwenkqubo.

IV. Zeziphi izinto ezikhethekileyo ekufuneka ziqwalaselwe xa kuhlanganiswa i-façade PV kunye nokugcinwa kwamandla? Indlela yeHighjoule (HJ Group) inika indlela yokubhekisa.

'Ukugcinwa kwamandla e-PV +' kuvela njengesiqhelo, kunye nenani elikhulayo lezakhiwo ezicinga ngokusebenza ngokudibeneyo kweenkqubo ze-PV zefaçade kunye nokugcinwa kwamandla okusasazwayo ukuphucula umlinganiselo wokusetyenziswa ngokwakho kunye nokuqinisa ukuqina kwamandla. Nangona kunjalo, iinkqubo zokugcina amandla ngokwazo zenza izixhobo zombane, kwaye iimfuno zazo zokhuseleko lomlilo akufuneki zijongwe.

I-Hui Jue Technology Group iphumeze oku kulandelayo kwiiprojekthi ezininzi:

✔ Iiseli zebhetri ezikumgangatho ophezulu kunye noyilo lwesakhiwo

Ukuncipha kwamathuba okuba kubekho ubushushu obuphumayo kunciphisa kakhulu umngcipheko wemililo enxulumene nebhetri.

✔ Inkqubo yokukhusela esebenzayo/engasebenziyo enamanqanaba amaninzi

Ibandakanya iNkqubo yoLawulo lweBhetri (i-BMS), ukufunyanwa komsi, ulawulo lobushushu, kunye nokhuselo oluzenzekelayo lokucima umbane ukujongana neengozi ezinokubakho zokubaleka kobushushu okanye iingozi zesekethe emfutshane.

✔ Inkqubo yoLawulo lwaMandla (i-EMS) inokusebenzisana neenkqubo ze-PV

Ulungelelwaniso olukrelekrele luhambelana nokuveliswa kwe-PV engaphambili kunye nokutshaja/ukukhupha amandla okugcina umbane, nto leyo enciphisa umngcipheko womlilo ovela kubuninzi bombane.

✔ Iindlela zokufakela ezikwaziyo ukumelana nokusingqongileyo

Amaqhinga okukhusela izixhobo ze-UPS aqinisekisa ukusebenza rhoqo kwiindawo ezintsonkothileyo zokwakha izakhiwo zasezidolophini.

Kwizicelo zokwakha, ukuphucula unxibelelwano phakathi kwe-PV kunye nokugcinwa kwamandla akupheleli nje ekuphuculeni ukusebenza kakuhle kwamandla kodwa kunciphisa nemingcipheko yempazamo yombane ngokusebenzisa ukusebenza kakuhle kunye nokugcinwa, ngaloo ndlela kunciphisa iingozi zomlilo ngokubanzi.

V. I-PV yobuso ayisiyongozi kakhulu ukuba ingasetyenziswa, kodwa endaweni yoko 'ukhuseleko kufuneka lube yeyona nto iphambili'

I-Facade PV iba yinxalenye ebalulekileyo yeBuilding-Integrated Photovoltaics (BIPV), kodwa iimpawu zayo ezikhethekileyo zithetha ukuba ayilofakelo oluqhelekileyo apho 'ukudibanisa nje izibiyeli kwanele'.

Nokuba malunga nezixhobo, ukuthembeka kwesakhiwo, iinkqubo zokuhambisa umbane, okanye ukulungelelaniswa kokugcinwa kwamandla, imigangatho epheleleyo, uyilo lwesayensi, ulwakhiwo olunenkathalo, kunye nokusebenza nokugcinwa okuqhubekayo kubalulekile.

Ukususela kumava aseSwitzerland ukuya kwibali lesilumkiso ngentlekele yomlilo yaseHong Kong, eli shishini ekugqibeleni lijika liye kwicala elinye:

Ukufakelwa kwe-PV ebusweni kunokwenzeka, kodwa kuphela xa kuqiniswa yinkqubo yokhuseleko lomlilo engqongqo ngakumbi.

Nangona ubeka phambili ukhuseleko lwe-PV kwisakhiwo, ungalibali ixabiso leenkqubo zokugcina umbane.

Njengoko izakhiwo zasezidolophini zitshintshela kuphuhliso olusebenzisa ikhabhoni ephantsi, inani elandayo lee-PV kunye neendawo zokugcina umbane liya kuhlanganiswa kwiindawo ezingaphambili nakwiinkqubo zokusasazwa kweendawo zokuhlala, iiofisi kunye neendawo zorhwebo.

Ukuba ucinga ngeprojekthi ye-photovoltaic edityaniswe nesakhiwo okanye ufuna izisombululo zokugcina amandla ezizinzileyo nezikhuselekileyo, siyakumema ukuba uhlole izibonelelo zokugcina amandla zeHighjoule (HJ Group). Sonke, masiqhubele phambili utshintsho lwamandla ukuya kukhuseleko olukhulu, ubukrelekrele, kunye nokuthembeka.