Zinzima kangakanani iiprojekthi ze-photovoltaic ezisembindini?

Ukuqhutyelwa yinjongo "yekhabhoni ezimbini", iiprojekthi ze-photovoltaic eziphambili ziphuma phakathi kweeprojekthi ezininzi zokuvelisa amandla e-photovoltaic kwaye zibe yindawo ebalulekileyo yokukhula kwintsimi yamandla avuselelweyo. Iiprojekthi ze-photovoltaic eziphakathi zibonakaliswa ngumlinganiselo omkhulu kunye nokusebenza okuphezulu. Kodwa ngokuchanekileyo ngenxa yobungakanani obukhulu ukuba inkqubo yophuhliso kunye nokwakhiwa kweeprojekthi ze-photovoltaic eziphakathi zibandakanya izixhumanisi eziyinkimbinkimbi kunye nezahlukeneyo, kubandakanywa ukukhethwa kwendawo, ukuthengwa kwezixhobo, ukufakwa, ukugunyaziswa kunye nezinye izixhumanisi, kwaye inemingeni yobugcisa, umgaqo-nkqubo kunye nokusingqongileyo.

1. Inkqubo yophuhliso kunye nokwakhiwa kweeprojekthi ze-photovoltaic eziphambili

Uphando lokuqala kunye nokukhetha indawo

Isinyathelo sokuqala seprojekthi ye-photovoltaic ephakathi kukukhethwa kwendawo. Kuyimfuneko ukuvavanya iimeko zokukhanya, i-Topography, iipropati zomhlaba kunye nomgama wokufikelela kwigridi yesiza ngeendlela zobugcisa ezifana nokufota emoyeni nge-drone kunye novavanyo lwejoloji.

Umzekelo, isikhululo samandla ephotovoltaic esingama-500MW kwintshona yeSichuan sikwithafa elingaphezulu kweemitha ezingama-4,000 ngaphezu komphakamo wolwandle. Ayidingi nje ukujongana nomhlaba ontsonkothileyo, kodwa ikwafuna ukulungelelanisa ubudlelwane phakathi kwamadlelo abalusi kunye nokwakhiwa kweprojekthi. Ekugqibeleni, ngokuphakamisa i-bracket ukuya kwiimitha ezingaphezu kwe-1.8, ukuhlalisana okuhambelanayo "kwe-photovoltaic + yezilwanyana" kufezekiswa.

Ukufunyanwa komhlaba kunye nokuphathwa ngokusesikweni

Iiprojekthi ze-photovoltaic eziphakathi zibandakanya ukusetyenziswa komhlaba okukhulu, ngoko ke ukufunyanwa komhlaba kunye neenkqubo ezahlukeneyo zokuvunywa kolawulo ziyafuneka. Le nkqubo ayibandakanyi nje uthethathethwano kunye nokufumana abanini-mhlaba kuphela, kodwa ikwafuna ukuthotyelwa kwemithetho nemimiselo efanelekileyo kunye nokugqitywa kweenkqubo ezisemthethweni zokusetyenziswa komhlaba.

Ukuthatyathwa komhlaba kunye nembuyekezo: Abaphuhlisi kufuneka bafikelele kwisivumelwano nabanini-mhlaba ukuze balungiselele ngokufanelekileyo imbuyekezo kunye nemiba yokusetyenziswa komhlaba ukuqinisekisa ukufunyanwa ngokutyibilikayo kobutyebi bomhlaba.

Ulwamkelo lolawulo: Abaphuhlisi kufuneka bangenise iingxelo zolwamkelo lweprojekthi, iingxelo zovavanyo lokuchaphazeleka kokusingqongileyo, njl. njl. kurhulumente wasekhaya ukuze bafumane iimvume zokwakha eziyimfuneko kunye nolwamkelo. Olu nxulumaniso ludla ngokuchatshazelwa ziinkqubo zokuvunywa ngurhulumente kunye notshintsho lomgaqo-nkqubo, olunokubangela ukulibaziseka kwexesha elithile.

Ukuphunyezwa kolwakhiwo kunye nolawulo lobunjineli

Ubunjineli bokwakha, ukufakwa kwezixhobo kunye nokugunyaziswa koqhagamshelo lwegridi kufuneka kuququzelelwe ngexesha lesigaba sokwakha. Ukongezelela, iinkcukacha zobuchwepheshe ezifana nokukhethwa kwezixhobo (ezifana neepaneli ze-photovoltaic ezilula) kunye noyilo lwe-bracket (umoya kunye nokuzamazama komhlaba) kuchaphazela ngokuthe ngqo ukusebenza kweprojekthi kunye nokhuseleko.

Uqhagamshelo lwegridi kunye nokusebenza kunye nokugcinwa

Umthamo wokufunxa igridi ngowona mqobo woqhagamshelo lwegridi. Umthamo wegridi engonelanga kunye nokuguquguquka kokuveliswa kwamandla kukhokelela kubunzima bokufunxeka, kwaye ezinye iindawo zide zidweliswe “njengeendawo ezibomvu zokulumkisa.” Ukuxhasa izibonelelo zokugcina amandla ukugudisa igophe lokuphuma; ukulungelelaniswa kwesicwangciso kunye neenkampani zegridi yamandla kwangaphambili ukuqinisekisa ukuba kuyafikeleleka; kunye nokubeka iiprojekthi ezidibeneyo "zomthombo, igridi, umthwalo kunye nokugcinwa" kubaluleke kakhulu.

2. Ubunzima ekuphuhliseni iiprojekthi ze-photovoltaic eziphambili

Ubunzima bokusetyenziswa komhlaba kwiiprojekthi

Umsebenzi wokuqala ekuphuhlisweni kweeprojekthi ze-photovoltaic kukufumana izibonelelo zomhlaba ezifanelekileyo. Nangona kunjalo, ukunqongophala kwangoku kobutyebi bomhlaba obuthobelayo kuye kwaba yinto ephambili ethintela uphuhliso lweeprojekthi ze-photovoltaic. Ngokukodwa kwimimandla esembindini nakwimpuma enoqoqosho oluphuhlileyo kunye neemfuno ezinkulu zamandla, ukhuphiswano lwemithombo yomhlaba lunzima kakhulu. Kwangaxeshanye, ukukhutshwa okugqithisileyo kwezalathi zamandla amatsha kuye kwandisa ngakumbi uxinzelelo lwemithombo yomhlaba ethobelayo. Oku kubangele ukuba iiprojekthi ezininzi ze-photovoltaic ziwele kubunzima kwinqanaba lokukhetha indawo, okwenza kube nzima ukufumana umhlaba owaneleyo othobelayo wophuhliso.

Ukunyuka kweendleko ezingezizo ezobuchwephesha

Ngophuhliso olukhawulezayo lwemboni ye-photovoltaic, umlinganiselo weendleko ezingezona zobuchwepheshe kuphuhliso lweprojekthi uye wanda ngokuthe ngcembe. Oorhulumente basekhaya bajongene neemali eziqinileyo kwaye bafune ukuhlaliswa kwamashishini kunye nokuhambelana kwezixhobo, okubangele ukunyuka okukhulu kweendleko zophuhliso lweeprojekthi ze-photovoltaic. Ukuhla okubukhali kwamaxabiso ezixhobo kuye kwahlaziywa ngeendleko ezingezizo ezobuchwephesha kunye neentlawulo zomlamli, eziye zacinezela kakhulu imida yenzuzo yabaphuhlisi be-photovoltaic.

3. Amatyala anxulumeneyo

Iprojekthi ye-photovoltaic yaseSichuan Maerkang ephezulu

Le projekthi ikwilokishi yaseDazang, kwisiXeko saseMaerkang, kwiSithili sase-Aba, kumphakamo weemitha ezi-3,500-4,300, inomhlaba opheleleyo we-7,607 mu, utyalo-mali lulonke lwe-2.198 yeebhiliyoni zeeyuan, kunye nomthamo ofakiweyo we-400,000 kilowatts. Le projekthi ithatha amacandelo amabini aneglasi ephindwe kabini kunye neteknoloji yesibiyeli esisigxina, enezikhululo ezibini ze-220kV kunye neekhilomitha ezingama-52.7 zeentambo zothumelo. Ubume bengeniso yeprojekthi bubandakanya ingeniso yokuvelisa amandla, ingeniso ye-carbon sink kunye nengeniso eyongezelelweyo ye-ikholoji, kunye nokuphuma kwemali ngonyaka kwe-164.9 yezigidi zeeyuan. Le projekthi ijongene nemingeni yemozulu egqithisileyo kwiindawo eziphakamileyo. Ngokusebenzisa iteknoloji entsha kunye nemilinganiselo yembuyekezo yendalo, ukusebenza okuzinzileyo kweprojekthi kuqinisekiswa.

Ukugcinwa kwefotovoltaic edibeneyo yesitishi samandla

I-50MW ye-photovoltaic + 15MW yokugcina amandla ebhetri edibeneyo yesitishi samandla esidibeneyo yindawo enkulu yokuthengisa i-photovoltaic yokugcina isikhululo samandla esidibeneyo. Iprojekthi isombulula ingxaki yokuhanjiswa kunye nokusetyenziswa kombane omkhulu we-photovoltaic umbane we-photovoltaic ngokusebenzisa i-photovoltaic yokugcina imodi edibeneyo yokuvelisa amandla, kwaye ibonelela ngomboniso wokudibanisa igridi enkulu yamandla amatsha. Idatha yokusebenza kweprojekthi ibonisa ukuba inkqubo yokugcina amandla idlala indima ebalulekileyo ekunciphiseni ubungakanani bokuvelisa amandla e-photovoltaic elahliwe kunye nokuphucula umgangatho wamandla.

I-Yumen Oilfield ye-200MW yeProjekthi ye-Photovoltaic

Njengeprojekthi yokuqala yokuvelisa amandla e-photovoltaic esembindini yePetroChina, ukuveliswa kwamandla ongezelelweyo kweYumen Oilfield 200MW iprojekthi ye-photovoltaic idlule kwi-1 bhiliyoni ye-kWh, ephawula inkqubela entsha kwinguqu yamandla ohlaza ePetroChina. Le projekthi iphumelele ukusebenza ngokungenamntu ngolawulo olukrelekrele kunye nokwandisa idatha enkulu yezicwangciso zokusebenza kunye nokugcinwa, kunye nokuqinisekisa uqhagamshelo lwegridi ngexesha ngokwandisa umjelo wokufikelela kumbane oluhlaza.

4. Inzima kangakanani iprojekthi ye-photovoltaic ephakathi?

Emva kokufunda umxholo ongasentla, ukujonga emva kumbuzo osekuqaleni kwenqaku, "Inzima kangakanani iprojekthi ye-photovoltaic ephakathi?" Kunokuthiwa ubunzima abuncinci. Ukuyibeka ngokulula, kukho izinto ezininzi kakhulu ekufuneka zithathelwe ingqalelo. Ukususela ekusekweni kweprojekthi, ukukhethwa kwendawo ukuya kulwakhiwo, uxhulumaniso lwegridi, kunye nokusebenza kamva kunye nokugcinwa, isigaba ngasinye sidinga ukucwangciswa ngokucophelela kunye nokwenziwa. Nangona kunjalo, iiprojekthi ze-photovoltaic ezisembindini zisengulwalathiso olubalulekileyo lophuhliso kwintsimi yamandla exesha elizayo kunye nefuthe labo lesikali kunye neenzuzo zokuzinza. Kumashishini okanye abantu abanomdla ekuphuhliseni iiprojekthi ze-photovoltaic, ukuqonda ngokujulileyo yonke inkqubo yokwakha yeeprojekthi ze-photovoltaic kunye nokwenza amalungiselelo apheleleyo ngundoqo kwimpumelelo.